![]() If you're a child gaining motor skills over a two-year period, having a thinner cortex is considered good if you're a child gaining phonological processing skills over a two-year period, having a thicker cortex is considered good ( Lu et al., 2006). But if you're a typically developed adult between the ages of 18 and 93, age-related thinning of the cortex is considered “atrophy” ( Salat et al., 2004). If you're a typically developing child between the ages of 8 and 20, age-related thinning of the cortex is considered “eliminating inefficient or unnecessary dendritic connections” to allow “more effective, accurate synaptic transmission” ( O'Donnell et al., 2005). Some researchers have claimed that thicker cortices are “an indicator of integrity of cytoarchitecture in the cortex” ( Makris et al., 2006 Goghari et al., 2006), “a general sign of cognitively beneficial neuroanatomical characteristics” ( Walhovd et al., 2006).īut other researchers have claimed that thicker cortices are “abnormal” ( Hardan et al., 2006), due perhaps to a “failure to myelinate” ( Thompson et al., 2005) or “exuberant arbourization” ( Rauch et al., 2004). What's better, having a thicker cortex or a thinner cortex? It depends on who you ask. 8 of a standard deviation, which increases to 1.4 standard deviations when scaled for total brain size (because females have smaller brains). A typical effect size (across each cortical hemisphere) is. Indeed, the average difference between males and females in height is one of the very few sex differences on which we all can agree.Īnother morphometric sex difference has recently been reported: On average, females have thicker cortices than males - or put another way, males have thinner cortices than females ( Im et al., 2006 Luders et al., 2006 Preul et al., 2006 Sowell et al., 2006). Overhead bins and coach-class airline seats demonstrate the obvious: We differ in height. females, are not nearly so sanguine in such situations. males and below the 1st percentile for U.S. My six-foot colleagues, who are at the 12th percentile for shortness for U.S. I'm pretty facile at getting under limbo poles I have no qualms riding in the back seat of compact cars and I'm chipper sitting in coach class on long, transatlantic flights. If I immigrated to Japan, I'd rise to the 50th percentile, but if I immigrated to Holland I'd fall to the 1st percentile.Īnother way to think about my stature is that I'm at the 85th percentile for shortness. ![]() When I was growing up, there were certain occupations (e.g., flight attendant and firefighter) for which my height rendered me ineligible, and to this day I'm unable to reach the top shelf of most cupboards, grocery store aisles, or overhead luggage bins. ![]() females - a ranking I've held since birth. I'm at the 15th percentile in height for U.S.
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